UGC NET Labour Welfare / HRM — Paper 2, subject code 55

All ten units are written, in 24 chapters: three each for Unit V, Industrial Relations (the system; the processes; and its second heading, Trade Unions), Unit VII, Labour Legislation (the framework and the ILO; the Factories and Mines Acts; the migrant, contract, construction and child labour Acts), Unit VIII, Wages (concepts and theories; the four wage Acts; gratuity and provident fund) and Unit IX, Labour Welfare (welfare; health, safety and occupational disease; and its second heading, Social Security), and two each for the other six. One NTA code covers five degree names — Labour Welfare, Personnel Management, Industrial Relations, Labour and Social Welfare, and Human Resource Management — and they sit one paper. Every unit opens with an inline heading set off by a colon, which are the unit names above, as for Public Administration; three units carry a second heading as well: Unit III "International Human Resource Management (IHRM)", Unit V "Trade Unions" and Unit IX "Social Security". Every Act the syllabus names is taught in statutory detail and with its present home: the Code on Wages 2019 (the Minimum Wages, Payment of Wages, Bonus and Equal Remuneration Acts), the Industrial Relations Code 2020 (the Trade Unions, Standing Orders and Industrial Disputes Acts), the Code on Social Security 2020 (among nine, the EPF and Gratuity Acts) and the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code 2020 (among thirteen, the Factories, Mines, Inter-State Migrant Workmen, Contract Labour and Building and Other Construction Workers Acts). The four codes were brought into force with effect from 21 November 2025; the rules under them are notified in stages, so rule-level detail should be checked. The Child Labour Act 1986 is not consolidated in any code; since 2016 it is the Child and Adolescent Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act. The arithmetic is worked with checked answers: Graicunas's relationships, labour turnover, paired comparisons, the Halsey and Rowan premiums, Vroom's motivational force, man-days lost, retrenchment and lay-off compensation, subsistence allowance, real wages, bonus on the statutory ceiling, the 50 per cent wage rule, gratuity at fifteen twenty-sixths, provident fund and ESI contributions, accident frequency and severity rates, the Harris–Todaro expected wage and the unemployment rate. The overlap is scoped, not borrowed: NET Social Work's chapter 21 teaches labour welfare, HRM, industrial relations and the codes for the social worker in industry and touches Units II, III, V and VII to IX here; NET Management, Commerce and Public Administration touch Units I to V, NET Psychology Unit IV, NET Law Unit VII's constitutional block and NET Economics Units VIII and X. Each was opened and this subject was written independently, as labour studies.