UGC NET Anthropology — Paper 2, subject code 07
Paper 2 pattern
Syllabus, unit by unit
Every chapter below is free to read, in English and Hindi.
Unit I — The Discipline, Research Methods, Fieldwork and Statistics
- The Discipline I: History, Development, Aim and Scope of Anthropology, Its Relationship with Other Sciences, Its Branches including Linguistic Anthropology, and Epistemology, Ontology, Theoretical Perspectives, Types of Research, Research Design and Hypothesis
- The Discipline II: Fieldwork and the Fieldwork Tradition, the Methods from Ethnography and Observation to Grounded Theory, Excavation and GIS, Statistics from Variables and Sampling to Regression, and Content, Discourse and Narrative Analysis
Unit II — Evolutionary Theory, the Primates, Fossil Primates and Hominid Evolution
- Evolution and the Primates: Lamarckism to the Synthetic and Neutral Theories, Cladogenesis, Anagenesis and Punctuated Equilibrium, Selection, Trends in Primate Radiation, Primate Characteristics and Social Behaviour, and the Extant Primates from Prosimians to the Great Apes and Humans
- Fossil Primates and the Earliest Hominins: The Oligocene and Miocene Apes from Parapithecus and Aegyptopithecus to Dryopithecus, Sivapithecus, Ramapithecus and Gigantopithecus, the Pre-Hominins Sahelanthropus, Orrorin and Ardipithecus, the Australopithecines and Paranthropus, and Homo habilis
- Hominid Evolution from Homo erectus to Modern Humans: Turkana Boy, Java Man, Peking Man and Dmanisi, Homo floresiensis, the Archaic Sapiens of Mauer, Kabwe, Jinniushan and Narmada, the Neanderthals, Anatomically Modern Humans from Omo to Lake Mungo, and the Out of Africa, Multiregional and Partial Replacement Hypotheses
Unit III — Human Variation and Human Genetics: Cytogenetics, Inheritance, Population and Molecular Genetics
- Modern Human Variation: The Typological, Populational and Clinal Models, the Classifications of Blumenbach, Deniker, Hooton, Coon, Garn and Birdsell, the Indian Classifications of Risley, Guha and Sarkar, and the Linguistic Distribution of Indian Populations
- Human Genetics I: The Methods of Study, Cytogenetics from the Cell Cycle and Karyotyping to Banding, Chromosomal Abnormalities, FISH, the Lyon Hypothesis, Telomeres and Centromeres, Linkage, Chromosome Mapping and Genomic Imprinting, the Modes of Inheritance, and Dermatoglyphics with Dankmeijer's, Furuhata's and the Pattern Intensity Indices Worked
- Human Genetics II: Population Genetics — Hardy–Weinberg Equilibrium and Its Applications, Random, Assortative and Consanguineous Mating, the Inbreeding Coefficient, Genetic Load, Isolates, Drift, Genetic Distance and Balanced and Transient Polymorphism; and Molecular Genetics — DNA, RNA, the Genetic Code, Protein Synthesis, RFLPs, VNTRs, STRs, SNPs, Mitochondrial DNA and Genic and Genomic Mutations
Unit IV — Human Growth, Adaptation, Somatotyping and Demography
- Human Growth, Development and Maturation: Definitions and Principles, Prenatal and Postnatal Phases, the Distance, Velocity, Acceleration and Scammon Curves, Catch-Up and Catch-Down Growth, Ageing and Senescence, Somatic, Skeletal and Dental Maturation, Genetic and Environmental Factors, Secular Trends, the Methods of Growth Study and Body Composition
- Human Adaptation, Somatotyping and Demography: Bergmann's and Allen's Rules, the Human Adaptability Programme, Adaptation to Heat, Cold and High Altitude, Somatotyping from Kretschmer and Sheldon to Parnell and Heath–Carter, and Demography — Its Multidisciplinary Nature, Anthropological Demography, Fertility, Morbidity, Mortality and Migration, and Crow's Index of Selection Intensity Worked
Unit V — Prehistoric Archaeology, Dating, the Palaeoenvironment, Lithic Technology and the Cultures of Europe and the Near East
- Prehistoric Archaeology I: The Concept and Its Sub-Fields from Ethno-Archaeology to Action Archaeology, the Theoretical Paradigms from the Descriptive to the Scientific and the Interpretative Periods, and the Methods of Dating from Typology and Seriation to Radiocarbon, Potassium-Argon, Thermoluminescence and Palaeomagnetism, with the Radiocarbon and K-Ar Arithmetic Worked
- Prehistoric Archaeology II: The Palaeoenvironment — the Tertiary, Quaternary, Pleistocene and Holocene, Glacials, Interglacials, Pluvials and the Evidences of Quaternary Climatic Change, Site Formation — and Lithic Tool Typology and Technology from the Lower Palaeolithic to the Neolithic
- Prehistoric Archaeology III: The Lithic Cultures of Europe from the Acheulian and Mousterian through the Châtelperronian, Aurignacian, Gravettian, Solutrean and Magdalenian to the Azilian, Tardenoisian, Maglemosian and Kitchen Midden, the Natufian, and the Early Farming Villages of the Near East at Jericho, Jarmo, Çatalhöyük and Shanidar
Unit VI — Indian Prehistory and Protohistory, from the Palaeolithic to the Indus, the Iron Age and the Megaliths
- Indian Prehistory I: The Lower Palaeolithic from the Soan Pebble Tools and the Madrasian Acheulian of the Kortallayar Valley to Attirampakkam, Didwana, the Belan Valley, Bhimbetka, Chirki-Nevasa, Hunsgi, the Krishna Valley and Hathnora; the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic; and the Mesolithic of Bagor, Tilwara, Langhnaj, Adamgarh, Chopani Mando, Sarai Nahar Rai and Birbhanpur
- Indian Prehistory II: The Neolithic and the Consequences of Food Production — Settlement, Population, Craft Specialisation, Class and Political Institutions — the Sites from Burzahom and Gufkral through the Chalcolithic Villages of Ahar, Gilund, Kayatha, Navdatoli, Daimabad and Inamgaon to Maski, Brahmagiri, Sanganakallu, Tekkalakota, Piklihal, Nagarjunakonda, Kuchai, Daojali Hading and Sarutaru, and the Prehistoric Cave Art of Bhimbetka and Adamgarh
- Indian Protohistory: The Indus Civilization — Village Expansion, Metal, Art and Writing, City Planning and the Theories of Decline at Amri, Kot Diji, Kalibangan, Mohenjodaro, Harappa, Lothal, Dholavira and Rakhigarhi — the Pottery Traditions from OCP and Black-and-Red Ware to PGW and NBP, the Copper and Bronze Age, the Iron Age and the Second Urban Revolution, and the Megaliths
Unit VII — Culture, Society, Family, Marriage, Kinship, and Economic, Political and Religious Anthropology
- Social Anthropology I: Culture and Its Attributes, Holism, Universals, Enculturation, Acculturation, Transculturation, Culture Change and Culture Shock, Relativism, Civilization, the Folk–Urban Continuum, Great and Little Traditions, Pluralism and World-View; Society, Groups, Institutions, Status and Role, Incest, Endogamy, Exogamy and Rites of Passage; the Family and Its Types and Rules of Residence; and Marriage, Its Forms, Transactions and Exchange
- Social Anthropology II: Kinship — Definition, Descent, Terminology, the Matrilineal Puzzle, Joking and Avoidance, Lineage, Clan, Phratry and Moiety, and the Types of Kinship System; and Economic Anthropology — the Malinowskian, Formalist, Substantivist and Marxist Theories, Livelihood and the Division of Labour, Production, Distribution and Consumption, Reciprocity, Gift and Barter, and the Kula, the Potlatch and the Jajmani System
- Social Anthropology III: Legal Anthropology and Social Sanctions; Political Organisation from Band and Tribe to Chiefdom and State, Conflict and Social Control, the Nation-State and Democracy; Religion and Belief from Animism, Animatism, Manaism, Bongaism, Totemism and Taboo to Witch, Shaman, Priest, Medicine-Man and Sorcerer, Magic and Ritual; and Social Change — Assimilation, Integration, Syncretism, Dominance and Subjugation
Unit VIII — Theories in Social Anthropology
- Theories in Social Anthropology I: Classical Evolutionism (Tylor, Morgan, Frazer, Maine, McLennan), the Three Schools of Diffusionism, Boas's Historical Particularism, Malinowski's Functionalism, and the Structural-Functionalism of Radcliffe-Brown, Firth, Fortes, Eggan and Parsons
- Theories in Social Anthropology II: Lévi-Strauss's Structuralism, Culture and Personality (Mead, Benedict, DuBois, Linton, Kardiner, Whiting and Child), Cultural Ecology, Environmental Anthropology, Neo-evolutionism (White, Steward, Sahlins) and Harris's Cultural Materialism
- Theories in Social Anthropology III: Symbolic Anthropology (Turner, Firth, Douglas), Cognitive Anthropology (D'Andrade, Tyler, Goodenough), Geertz's Interpretive Anthropology, Anthropology and Gender, Postmodernism, Poststructuralism, Postcolonialism, and Ethnicity
Unit IX — Stages in the Development of Indian Anthropology: Caste, Tribe, Village Studies and the Early Indian Anthropologists
- Indian Anthropology I: Social Stratification and Caste, Scheduled Castes and Dalit, OBC, Nomadic and Denotified Groups, Revivalist and Nativist Movements, and the Malabar and Telangana Peasant Movements
- Indian Anthropology II: Tribe and Scheduled Tribe, PVTGs and Distribution, the Birsa and Naga Movements, Tribal Development, Constitutional Safeguards, Inclusion and Exclusion, Panchayati Raj and Traditional Political Organisations, and Self-Help Groups
- Indian Anthropology III: Stages of Development, Village Studies (Dube, Marriott, Wiser, Epstein, Srinivas, Bailey), Sanskritisation, Westernisation, Modernisation, Globalisation, the Sacred Complex and the Nature-Man-Spirit Complex, and the Early Indian Anthropologists
Unit X — Applied Anthropology, Its Fields of Practice, and Anthropology in Development
- Anthropology in Practice I: Applied, Action, Engaged, Experimental and Public Anthropology, Public Archaeology, Urban, Development and Business Anthropology, Medical, Visual, and Food and Nutritional Anthropology, Genomic Studies, Genetic Screening and Counselling, Forensic Anthropology, Ergonomics and Kinanthropometry
- Anthropology in Practice II: Community Development Projects, Revisits and Restudies, Intervention, the Research Process and Social Impact Assessment, Anthropological Approaches in Community Studies, Plans and Sub-Plans, NGOs, the Empowerment of Women, and LGBT Groups
Frequently asked questions
Is this UGC NET Anthropology course free?
Yes. All 27 chapters are free to read in English and Hindi. A free account adds the practice questions with scoring, the Paper-2 mock test, spaced revision and the AI mentor.
Does it cover the whole Anthropology syllabus?
All 10 units of the NTA syllabus (subject code 07) are written, in 27 chapters, from the official document unit by unit.
What is the UGC NET Paper 2 exam pattern for Anthropology?
100 questions for 200 marks, with no negative marking. Paper 1 and Paper 2 are taken in one sitting of three hours; the mock test here rehearses Paper 2 in 120 minutes.
Official sources
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Notifications, syllabi, exam dates and results are official only on the conducting body's own website. Always verify there before you act on anything you read here.
- NTA — UGC NETugcnet.nta.ac.in
- University Grants Commissionwww.ugc.gov.in