UGC NET Environmental Sciences — Paper 2, subject code 89

All ten units are written, in 29 chapters: two for each unit, except four for Unit II, Environmental Chemistry (fundamentals; atmospheric chemistry; water and soil chemistry; analytical methods), four for Unit III, Environmental Biology (ecology and ecosystems; population and community ecology; biodiversity and its conservation; toxicology, microbiology and biotechnology), four for Unit VI, Environmental Pollution and Control (air pollution; air pollution control and noise; water pollution; soil, thermal, marine and radioactive pollution), and three each for Unit IV, Environmental Geosciences, Unit VIII, Environmental Assessment, Management and Legislation (EIA and management; legislation; conventions), and Unit X, Contemporary Environmental Issues (global issues; India's water and land; movements, projects, health and disasters). The units carry the document's own titles. Overlap with Paper-1's environment unit and with the Geography, Law, Economics, Sociology and Social Work courses was checked topic by topic, and every chapter here is written for this syllabus. Unit VIII's list of laws is quoted as the syllabus gives it and taught as the law now stands: the Forest (Conservation) Act 1980 was amended and renamed the Van (Sanrakshan Evam Samvardhan) Adhiniyam, 1980 in 2023; the Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972 was amended in 1991, 2002, 2006 and 2022, the last reducing its schedules from six to four and implementing CITES; the Biological Diversity Act 2002 was amended in 2023; the Indian Forest Act dates from 1927, not "Revised 1982"; the Air and Environment (Protection) Acts were partly decriminalised by the Jan Vishwas Act 2023 and the Water Act by its 2024 amendment; the e-waste and battery rules the syllabus names were replaced by the E-Waste (Management) Rules 2022, in force from 1 April 2023, and the Battery Waste Management Rules 2022; the plastic rules are taught with the 2021 amendment and the single-use plastic ban from 1 July 2022; and Coastal Regulation Zone 1991 was replaced by the 2011 and then the 2019 notification. The solid waste and construction and demolition waste rules are taught as the syllabus names them, amended from time to time, and whether newer rules have replaced them should be checked against the latest notification; no count of Indian Ramsar sites is given, because it changes often. The document's slips are quoted and taught correctly: "Environmental (Protection) Act" is the Environment (Protection) Act, "Motor Vehicle Act" the Motor Vehicles Act, "National Environmental Policy" the National Environment Policy and "Hazardous and Other Waste" Rules the Hazardous and Other Wastes Rules; "Chapparal" is chaparral; the "t, 2 and F-distribution" and "2-test" of Unit IX, a Greek letter lost in extraction, are the χ² distribution and test; "Lotka-Voltera" is Lotka–Volterra; and "Gandhamardhan", "People Biodiversity register", "Indo-Rhino vision", "Swachha Bharat Abhiyan", "Arsenocosis", "Minnamata" and "Fukusima" are Gandhamardan, the People's Biodiversity Register, Indian Rhino Vision 2020, the Swachh Bharat Mission, arsenicosis, Minamata and Fukushima. Numerical answers are worked and checked, among them lapse rates, a material balance, Gibbs energy, BOD, calorific values, a Gaussian plume, Darcy's law, standard errors, χ², ANOVA and a Leslie projection.